It goes without saying that the cycling world and coffee are almost inseparable, but have you ever wondered about the science behind the performance enhancing benefits of the ubiquitous bean-brewed beverage?
In a new video, multi-discipline rider Juliet Elliott and the Institute for Scientific Information on Coffee have set out all the perks to sinking a flat white before your ride, revealing how much faster the drink could make you.
Of course the real secret to coffee’s performance enhancement is in the caffeine, the natural stimulant found in tea, coffee and cacao plants, but how does caffeinated coffee help your performance when compared with the decaffeinated alternatives?
Elliott, a cross-discipline bike racer and YouTuber, said: “I normally train for around twelve hours a week and take part in endurance, gravel and bikepacking races and events such as Grinduro and Tuscany Trail. What I eat and drink is critical to my performance and I enjoy coffee being a part of my daily routine.
“I always start my day with a coffee, enjoying the first one with breakfast then usually having another before I head to the gym or out on a ride. I’m a big fan of coffee, it makes me feel energised and mentally alert, plus I’m fully aware of the performance benefits - I can pedal harder, faster and for longer.”
Elliott’s coffee routine will resonate with many cyclists, but what is the science behind the feeling.
The Institute for Scientific Information on Coffee, a not-for-profit organisation set up in 1990 to research coffee and its relationship with health, has released setting out exactly how much your riding could benefit from a caffeine boost.
Dr Neil Clark, an expert in sports and exercise nutrition at Coventry University said: “Drinking coffee has a broad range of benefits that can improve performance from a physical perspective. These include, but are not limited to: improved muscular endurance, movement velocity and muscular strength.
“Performance might also be increase due to the release of endorphins which attenuates the pain sensation and rating of perceived exertion during exercise, decreasing the perceptions of effort. In addition, factors such as improved reaction time, cognition, and mood are also likely to have a positive influence on performance. Whether cycling competitively or for recreational purposes, there is evidence that drinking a cup of coffee may enhance performance.”
According to the European Food Safety Authority, caffeine can boost endurance performance (aerobic exercise lasting more than five minutes) and a reduction in the rate of perceived effort during exercise. This is based on 3mg of caffeine per kilogram of body weight, which for a 70kg person equates to two or three cups of coffee.
Dr Clarke added: “The ingestion of caffeine can stimulate energy production. Although the action of caffeine on the central nervous system has been widely accepted as the primary mechanism by which caffeine alters performance - caffeine may modulate central fatigue, a type of fatigue caused by neurochemical changes in the brain associated with prolonged exercise, and in turn influence ratings of perceived exertion, perceived pain, and levels of vigour, all of which are likely to lead to improvements in performance.”
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“Caffeine ingestion can be ergogenic for endurance, high-intensity and resistance exercise, as well as team sports. The beneficial effect is generally independent of training status, habitual caffeine intake, and sex. However, the response to caffeine ingestion is individual, so it is important to practice with caffeine during a training session or friendly fixture, before using it for an important event.”
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